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Global Strategy
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Global Strategy
A Market Creation Approach

First Edition
  • Sali Li - University of South Carolina, USA
  • Noman Shaheer - The University of Sydney Business School, Australia, University of Sydney, Australia
January 2025 | 624 pages | SAGE Publications, Inc
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Global Strategy: A Market Creation Approach is a groundbreaking textbook that redefines the field of global strategy, shifting the focus from scaling established businesses to creating innovative businesses responding to international market needs. Authors Sali Li and Noman Shaheer equip future multinational leaders with the tools and insights needed to succeed in the rapidly evolving world of global business.

 
Preface
 
Acknowledgments
 
About the Authors
 
Part 1: Global Strategy– An Entrepreneurial Perspective
 
Chapter 1: Global Strategy: A Market Creation Approach
What Is Global Strategy?

 
The Strategic Roots Of Global Strategy

 
A Market Creation Approach To Global Strategy

 
Global Strategy In A Vuca World

 
Global Strategy Meets Grand Challenges

 
Summary

 
Discussion Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 2: Business Models: The Pathway Toward Market Creation Across Countries
What Is A Business Model?

 
The Building Blocks Of A Business Model

 
The Rising Importance Of Business Models

 
An Opportunity Logic View Of A Business Model

 
Discovering Opportunities In The Global Market

 
Summary

 
Discussion Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Part 2: Identifying Value Across Borders
 
Chapter 3: Empathizing With Customers From Different Cultures
Understanding Institutional Distance

 
Target Customers Across Countries

 
Design Thinking

 
Summary

 
Discussion Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 4: The Value Proposition for International Markets
The Motives Behind The Foreign Market Entry

 
The Need For A Value Proposition

 
Formulating Value Proposition

 
Finding Value Proposition

 
Summary

 
Discussion Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 5: Reaching Customers Across Countries
Traditional Entry Modes

 
Novel Modes Of Foreign Entry

 
Choosing An Entry Mode

 
Toward A Comprehensive And Dynamic Framework

 
Applying Opportunity Logic To Entry Mode Choices

 
Summary

 
Discussion Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 6: Maintaining Long-Term Relationships in Foreign Markets— Legitimacy, Ethics, and Social Responsibility
Legitimacy In A Foreign Land

 
Legitimacy For Digital Mnos

 
Approaches To Establish And Maintain Legitimacy

 
Ethical And Strategic Considerations

 
Summary

 
Discussion Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Part 3: Creating Value Across Borders
 
Chapter 7: Using Key Resources
Key Resources In A Business Model

 
Key Resources As Ownership Advantage

 
Framework To Identify Key Resources

 
Beyond Vrio—Resource Scalability And Fungibility

 
Context Matters: Leveraging Resources Across Countries

 
Summary

 
Discussion Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 8: Key Partners: Cultivating Partner Networks in Foreign Lands
Key Partners In Business Model

 
The Need For Key Partners

 
Orchestrating Key Partners

 
Key Partners In A Changing World

 
Hybrid Partnerships

 
Summary

 
Discussion Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 9: Key Activities: Structuring Sustainable Global Value Chains
Key Activities In The Business Model

 
Structuring Key Activities In A GVC

 
Organizational Structures Behind Global Value Chains

 
Scaling And Iterating Key Activities

 
Ethics And Social Responsibility In Global Value Chains

 
Summary

 
Discussion Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Part 4: Capturing Value Across Borders
 
Chapter 10: Cost Structures: Driving Efficiency in Foreign Markets
Cost Structures of MNOs

 
Transaction Costs In Business Models

 
Managing Cost Structures

 
Managing Costs Responsibly

 
Summary

 
Discussion Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 11: International Revenue Models: Unlocking Profits Globally
Revenue Models In International Business

 
Novel Revenue Models

 
Strategically Managing Revenue Models

 
Bringing Sustainability In Revenue Models

 
Summary

 
Discussion Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Part 5: You, as a Global Entrepreneur
 
Chapter 12: Your Global Career Compass: Unveiling Your Potential Worldwide
Venturing Abroad As An International Entrepreneur

 
International Careers In MNOs

 
Preparing Yourself for an IB Career

 
Life As An Expat

 
Summary

 
Discussion Questions

 
Key Terms

 
 
Part 6: Integrative Cases
 
Case 1: COVID-19’s Impact on the Global Meatpacking Industry and the Role of Technology
 
Case 2: Sustainability in the Semiconductor Industry: A New Entrant’s Dilemma
 
Case 3: Doorsteps: Disrupting the UK Real Estate Industry
 
Case 4: Alpha 360: Creating an Ecosystem in the Event Management Service Industry
 
Case 5: A Chilean Coffee Business Deciding to Do Business in the United States
 
Case 6: Designing and Developing Boutique Hotels Using Creative Thinking Tools
 
Case 7: Kaldi’s Coffee: Can Ethiopia’s Premier Coffee Shop Continue to Grow?
 
Case 8: How Can Netflix Fund Its International Expansion Goals?
 
Case 9: Norway’s Sovereign Wealth Fund: Ethical Dilemmas
 
Case 10: Foxconn’s FDI in Wisconsin: A case of foreignness in America
 
Case 11: John Deere in Sub-Saharan Africa: Success or Failure?
 
Case 12: Danfoss in China: How Family-Owned Danfoss Turned China Into Their Second “Home-Market”
 
Case 13: Is Grab, the Asian Superapp, Leveraging Digital Innovation for Good?
 
Case 14: Ryanair: A Low-Cost Business Model in the European Airline Industry
 
Case 15: American Egg: Strategic Growth and International Expansion
Key features
KEY FEATURES:
  • This text is available in Sage Vantage, an intuitive learning platform that integrates quality Sage textbook content with assignable multimedia activities and auto-graded assessments to drive student engagement and ensure accountability. Unparalleled in its ease of use and built for dynamic teaching and learning, Vantage offers customizable LMS integration and best-in-class support.
    • NEW! An AI Literacy module prepares students to engage confidently with today’s AI tools through an interactive, outcomes-focused experience—with minimal instructor lift and no course redesign required. Available exclusively in Sage Vantage and written by professors who teach and publish about AI, the AI Information Literacy, Academic Integrity, and Responsible AI Use module integrates video, data driven examples, applied activities, Knowledge Checks, and built-in assessments that help instructors track student understanding. Focused on strengthening critical thinking, the module teaches students how to evaluate AI outputs for accuracy and bias while developing responsible prompting strategies that support academic success without compromising students’ intellectual growth.
  • A unique approach to global strategy, focusing on market creation.
  • A concise structure with only 12 chapters, making it easier to cover in a regular semester.
  • Practical examples and case studies from real-world companies.
  • A broader audience scope, making global strategy relevant for large MNCs, born-global and born-digital start-ups, user entrepreneurs, and platform complementors.
  • Integration of important topics such as cross-national distance, culture, country risks, and CSR into the business model framework.
  • Supplementary material including Opening and Closing Cases, Global Strategy in Action features, and Sustainability and You features.
  • A focus on diverse career opportunities in international business, with strategies for starting a career as an international entrepreneur or global business manager.

Sample Materials & Chapters

Chapter 1: Global Strategy

Vantage Reference: 
Global Strategy Vantage Learning Platform