Preface
1. An Overview of Crime and Criminology
An Excursion Through the American Criminal Justice System
A Short History of Criminology
The Role of Theory in Criminology
Ideology in Criminological Theory
Connecting Criminological Theory and Social Policy
2. Measuring Crime and Criminal Behavior
Categorizing and Measuring Crime and Criminal Behavior
Uniform Crime Reports: Counting Crime Officially
NIBRS: The “New and Improved” UCR
Crime Victimization Survey Data and Its Problems
3. Victimology: Exploring the Experience of Victimization
The Emergence of Victimology
Victimization in the Workplace and at School
Sexual Assault of Children: Who Gets Victimized?
Domestic Violence Victimization
Identity Theft and Other Forms of Cybervictimization
Victimization And the Criminal Justice System
4. The Early Schools of Criminology
Introduction: Preclassical Notions of Crime and Criminals
The Classical School: The Calculating Criminal
Deterrence and Choice: Pain Versus Gain
Evaluation of the Classical and Early Positivist Schools
Policy and Prevention: Implications of Deterrence Theories
5. Crime as Choice: Rationality, Emotion, and Criminal Behavior
Returning to Classic Assumptions of Human Nature
Routine Activities Theory
Emotions and Their Functions
6. Social Structural Theories
The Social Structural Tradition
The Chicago School of Ecology
The Anomie/Strain Tradition
Extending Anomie: Subcultural Theories
Evaluation of the Anomie/strain and Subcultural Tradition
Policy and Prevention: Implications of Social Structural Theories
7. Social Process Theories
The Social Process Tradition
Differential Association Theory
Labeling Theory: The Irony of Social Reaction
Policy and Prevention: Implications of Social Process Theories
8. Critical and Feminist Theories
The Conflict Perspective of Society
Conflict Theory: Max Weber and Power and Conflict
Other Critical Criminologies
Evaluation of Critical Theories
Evaluation of Feminist Theories
9. Psychosocial Theories: Individual Traits and Criminal Behavior
Introduction: The Two “Great Pillars of Psychology”
Temperament and Personality
Glen Walters’s Lifestyle Theory
The Antisocial Personalities
Evaluation of the Psychosocial Perspective
Policy and Prevention: Implications of Psychosocial Theories
10. Biosocial Approaches
Other Biosocial Risk Factors for Criminality
Evaluation of the Biosocial Perspective
Policy and Prevention: Implications of Biosocial Theories
11. Developmental Theories: From Delinquency to Crime to Desistance
The Developmental Perspective: Continuity and Change
Risk and Protective Factors for Serious Delinquency
Major Developmental Theories
Evaluation of Developmental Theories
Policy and Prevention: Implications of Developmental Theories
12. Crimes of Violence
Mass, Spree, and Serial Murder
13. Terrorism
Is there a Terrorist Personality?
Law Enforcement Response and Government Policy
14. Property Crime
What Is a Property Offense?
Crimes of Guile and Deceit: Embezzlement, Fraud, and Forgery/counterfeiting
15. Public Order Crime
What Are Public Order Crimes?
Prostitution and Commercialized Vice
16. White-Collar Crime
The Concept of White-Collar Crime
Theories on the Causes of Corporate Crime
Law Enforcements Response to Corporate Crime
Cybercrime: Oh, What a Tangled World Wide Web We Weave!
The Silk Road: Amazon.com for Crooks, Creeps, and Crackheads
17. Organized Crime
Political Corruption and Organized Crime
A Brief History of Organized Crime in the United States
Other Organized Crime Groups
Theories of Organized Crime
Law Enforcements Response to Organized Crime
Glossary
References
Index
About the Authors