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Cognitive Psychology
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Cognitive Psychology
Theory, Process, and Methodology

Fourth Edition


August 2026 | 456 pages | SAGE Publications, Inc
Cognitive Psychology: Theory, Process, and Methodology engages students by connecting cognitive psychology research to everyday situations and using a writing style that is personal and accessible. Authors Dawn M. McBride, Corinne Zimmerman, and J. Cooper Cutting begin each chapter with a real-world example and emphasize applications and methodologies from both classic and recent studies to help students understand how researchers study cognitive phenomena and evaluate theoretical perspectives. Each chapter is designed to be encapsulated as much as possible to support a variety of sequences through the material. The authors illustrate connections to other psychological subfields throughout the text with neuroscientific studies, in particular, embedded in each chapter. Celebrated for its striking figures and illustrations, this text provides students with ample opportunities to test their learning through "Stop and Think" questions and the critical thinking feature "Thinking about Research" at the end of each chapter. The Fourth Edition has been fully updated with recent research and examples, including new material on forgetting, highly superior autobiographical memory, sign languages, and AI-assisted decision making.

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This text is offered in Sage Vantage, an intuitive learning platform that integrates quality Sage textbook content with assignable multimedia activities and auto-graded assessments to drive student engagement and ensure accountability. Unparalleled in its ease of use and built for dynamic teaching and learning, Vantage offers customizable LMS integration and best-in-class support.

Highlights
  • Assignable video with assessment tied to learning objectives and curated exclusively for this text brings concepts to life. Watch a sample video now.
  • NEW! An AI Literacy module prepares students to engage confidently with today's AI tools through an interactive, outcomes-focused experience—with minimal instructor lift and no course redesign required. Available exclusively in Sage Vantage and written by professors who teach and publish about AI, the AI Information Literacy, Academic Integrity, and Responsible AI Use integrates video, data driven examples, applied activities, Knowledge Checks, and built-in assessments that help instructors track student understanding. Focused on strengthening critical thinking, the module teaches students how to evaluate AI outputs for accuracy and bias while developing responsible prompting strategies that support academic success without compromising students' intellectual growth.

 
Preface
 
Acknowledgments
 
About the Authors
 
Chapter 1: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
Introduction: Cognition and Shopping

 
What is Cognitive Psychology?

 
Current Perspectives on the Study of Cognition

 
Research in Cognitive Psychology

 
Measuring Cognitive Processes

 
Chapter Review

 
Chapter Quiz

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 2: Cognitive Neuroscience
Introduction: Knowledge from Cognitive Deficits

 
Clinical Case Studies in Cognitive Neuroscience

 
Structure of the Central Nervous System

 
Measures in Cognitive Neuroscience: Electrical Recordings

 
Measures in Cognitive Neuroscience: Brain Imaging

 
Chapter Review

 
Chapter Quiz

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 3: Perception
Introduction: Perception in Everyday Tasks

 
Sensory Systems: How Sensations Become Perceptions

 
The Computational Approach

 
The Gestalt Approach

 
The Perception/Action Approach

 
Motion Perception: Comparing the Approaches to Perception

 
Chapter Review

 
Chapter Quiz

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 4: Attention
Introduction: How We Pay Attention

 
What is Attention and Why do We Need It?

 
Automatic and Controlled Processing

 
How We Use Attention

 
How Attention Affects Perception, Action, and Memory

 
Attention Outside the Laboratory

 
Chapter Review

 
Chapter Quiz

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 5: Memory Structures and Processes
Introduction: The Pervasiveness of Memory

 
Memory as Structure or Process

 
Sensory Memory

 
Short-Term Memory (STM)

 
The Working-Memory (WM) System

 
Long-Term Memory (LTM)

 
Study Reference

 
Chapter Review

 
Chapter Quiz

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 6: Long-Term Memory Retrieval
Introduction: Superior Memory

 
Retrieval From Long-Term Memory

 
Why We Forget

 
Encoding Effects

 
Retrieval Effects

 
Encoding-Retrieval Interactions

 
Chapter Review

 
Chapter Quiz

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 7: Memory Errors
Introduction: The Inaccuracy of Memory

 
The Seven “Sins” of Memory

 
The Reconstructive Nature of Memory

 
Memory Errors in the Laboratory

 
Clinical Memory Failures—Amnesia

 
Chapter Review

 
Chapter Quiz

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 8: Language
Introduction: A Simple Conversation

 
Language Versus Communication

 
Structure of Language

 
How do We Comprehend Language?

 
How do We Produce Language?

 
Language Use in Everyday Life

 
Chapter Review

 
Chapter Quiz

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 9: Concepts and Knowledge
Introduction: Game Night

 
What are Concepts?

 
Prototypes and Exemplars: Categorizing Objects

 
Organizing Our Concepts

 
Using Concepts in Daily Life

 
Chapter Review

 
Chapter Quiz

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 10: Imagery
Introduction: Imagery in Everyday Life

 
Mental Images and Cognition

 
Theories of Mental Imagery

 
Imagery and Memory

 
Imagery in Practice

 
Chapter Review

 
Chapter Quiz

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 11: Problem Solving
Introduction: Problem Solving in Daily Life

 
Identifying a Problem

 
Defining the Problem

 
Exploring Solutions: Approaches and Strategies

 
Action: Implementing Possible Solutions

 
Look Back and Learn: Expertise

 
Chapter Review

 
Chapter Quiz

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 12: Reasoning
Introduction: Group Research Project

 
What Is Reasoning? Deductive Versus Inductive Reasoning

 
Deductive Reasoning

 
Inductive Reasoning

 
Reasoning in Practice

 
Chapter Review

 
Chapter Quiz

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 13: Decision Making
Introduction: Everyday Decision Making

 
Making Decisions

 
Heuristics and Biases

 
Models of Decision Making

 
Beyond Individual Decisions: Social and AI-Assisted Decision-Making

 
Making Better Decisions

 
Chapter Review

 
Chapter Quiz

 
Key Terms

 
 
Chapter 14: Cognitive Development
Introduction: Are You My Mother?

 
Tools and Methods for Studying Cognitive Development

 
The Development of Language

 
Memory Development

 
The Development of Reasoning

 
Chapter Review

 
Chapter Quiz

 
Key Terms

 
 
Glossary
Key features
NEW TO THIS EDITION:
  • The new edition is available in Sage Vantage, an intuitive learning platform that integrates quality Sage textbook content with assignable multimedia activities and auto-graded assessments to drive student engagement and ensure accountability. Unparalleled in its ease of use and built for dynamic teaching and learning, Vantage offers customizable LMS integration and best-in-class support.
    • NEW! An AI Literacy module prepares students to engage confidently with today's AI tools through an interactive, outcomes-focused experience—with minimal instructor lift and no course redesign required. Available exclusively in Sage Vantage and written by professors who teach and publish about AI, the AI Information Literacy, Academic Integrity, and Responsible AI Use module integrates video, data driven examples, applied activities, Knowledge Checks, and built-in assessments that help instructors track student understanding. Focused on strengthening critical thinking, the module teaches students how to evaluate AI outputs for accuracy and bias while developing responsible prompting strategies that support academic success without compromising students' intellectual growth.
  • The Fourth Edition is fully updated to reflect cognitive psychology today with new examples and research citations throughout the text.
  • Chapter 1 includes a new section on Theory, Process, and Methodology to set up the themes of the text, as well as a new section emphasizing the importance of representative subject populations in the field.
  • New studies on forgetting as well as highly superior autobiographical memory have been added to Chapter 6.
  • Chapter 8 is newly reorganized to focus on key concepts in language and incorporate new sections on Sign Languages and Language in Technology Use.
  • Chapter 10 is reorganized to include added discussion of aphantasia and hyperphantasia, as well as nonvisual imagery.
  • Chapter 13 features a new section on AI-assisted decision making and updated neuroscience research on this topic.
  • Coverage of cognitive development is expanded with new concepts in Chapter 14.
KEY FEATURES:
  • Chapter opening real-world situational vignettes engage students in the topics through connections to everyday situations they might encounter.
  • Connections between the different topics within chapters show students the large overlap between the mental processes in cognitive psychology.
  • A focus on the methods used to study each topic aids students in understanding the science behind the methodology.
  • Each chapter is written to stand alone, allowing for maximum flexibility in designing your course and arranging the sequence of topics.
  • "Thinking About Research" is a signature feature located at the end of every chapter. Each one pairs a detailed summary of a published study with critical thinking questions designed to develop and test students' ability to understand and reason about published research.
  • "Stop and Think" sections prompt students to assess their understanding of the material they just read and connect it to their own lives.
Vantage Reference: 
Cognitive Psychology - Vantage Learning Platform